第八讲 八年级(上) Units 9—10
,中考基础知识梳理
,怀化五年中考真题演练
◆条件状语从句
( C )1.(2016怀化中考)If it doesn't rain tomorrow，I ________ fishing with my father.
A．go B．went C．will go
◆重点句子
2．I want a pen pal in China.(英汉互译)
__我想要一个中国的笔友。__
,怀化中考重难点突破
辨析turn on，turn off，turn up与turn down
【满分点拨】
turn on意为“(把水源、煤气、电源等)打开”，其反义词组为turn off。turn down意为“(把收音机的音量、灯等)关小、调低”，其反义词组为turn up。这些短语中on，off，up，down均为副词，后接代词时，应放在词组中间；后接名词时，放中间放后面均可。如：
She sat down and turned up the radio.她坐下来，把收音机开大。
The radio is very loud.Can you turn it down a little？收音机声音太大，你能开小一点吗？
Turn up the radio.(＝Turn the radio up.)把收音机的声音调大一点。
【归纳拓展】
open/close“开/关”
open指把关着的门、窗、箱、盒等打开，反义词为close。如：
It's hot in the room.Open the window，please.
屋里很热。请把窗子打开。
Remember to close the door when you leave.
离开时记着关上门。
图解助记：
【考点抢测】
1．The room is a little cold.I want to __turn__on__ the heat.
2．I was so surprised that he __turned__out__(出席) my invitation.
3．I can hardly hear the radio.Could you please __turn__ it __up__(开大点)?
4．Nothing could make the brave man __turn__against__(与……反目) his motherland.
5．Don't rush.Please wait in line and get on the bus __in__turn__(依次地，轮流地)．
( B )6.(2016重庆中考)—It's getting dark.Could you please________the light for me?
—All right.Just a minute.
A．keep on B．turn on C．try on
( B )7.(2016攀枝花中考)Would you please________your MP3 a little？Your baby sister is sleeping.
A．turn up B．turn down C．turn on
fill的用法
【满分点拨】
辨析full与fill
full是形容词，意思是“满的”，与of组成be full of短语。如：
The bottle is full of water.瓶子里装满了水。
fill作动词，意思是“装满”，与with组成be filled with，表示“用……把……装满”。如：
The basket is filled with apples by the old man.那位老人给篮子装满了苹果。
【考点抢测】
8．I am sorry.Your paper is __full__of____(充满) mistakes.
9．He __filled__his life __with__(用……填满) busy work and endless sadness.
10．He remembered losing a schoolbag __full/filled__of/with__(装满) books.
( B )11.(2016娄底中考模拟)I picked up a wallet ________money on my way home.
A．fill with B．full of C．fill of
until的用法
【满分点拨】
until的用法：用于肯定句，意思是“直到……”，谓语动词应为持续性动词。用于否定句，和not构成“not…until”结构，意思是“直到……才……”，谓语动词一般为终止性动词。如：
She didn't go to bed until 12：00 last night.
昨天晚上她直到12点才睡觉。
They won't get up until 11 o'clock next morning.
他们直到第二天上午11点才起床。
图解助记：
【温馨提示】
当until引导时间状语从句时，从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时；用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
【考点抢测】
12．我直到完成作业才回家。
I won't go home __until__ I finish my homework.
13．昨晚我们等到大雨停了。
Yesterday we waited __until__the heavy rain stopped.
( A )14.(2016攀枝花中考)—Shall we go now?
—No，let's wait________the rain stops.
A．until B．when C．if
invite的用法
【满分点拨】w w w .
invite为动词，意为“邀请，恳请”，常见搭配有：
invite sb.to＋场合(如party，concert等)
invite sb.to＋地点(如house，park等)
invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事
如：
Jim invited me to his house.吉姆邀请我去他家。
I'll invite Lily to have dinner with me.我将邀请莉莉和我共进晚餐。
【知识拓展】
派生词：invitation (n.)邀请
Thanks for your invitation.谢谢你的邀请。
【考点抢测】
( A )15.(2016郴州中考)—Why are you so excited?
—Nancy invited me________on a trip to Dongjiang Lake just now.
A．to go B．go C．going
16．Thanks for __inviting__(invite) me to your birthday party.
17．I received his invitation__ to the film，but I didn't go because of the strong wind.
18．He didn't __invite__me__to__have__dinner__(邀请我吃晚饭) with them.
19．She was polite but she didn't __invite__ me __in__(邀请我进去)．
keep的常用短语
【满分点拨】
【考点抢测】
( B )20.(2016株洲中考模拟)The heavy rain kept the students from________to the park.
A．to go B．going C．to
catch v．及时赶上；接住；抓住
【满分点拨】
catch一词多义记心中
【考点抢测】
21．他们不得不早起去赶早班公交车。
They had to get up early__to__ __catch__ the early bus.
22．你要努力才能赶上班里的其他同学。
You should work hard to __catch__ __up__ __with__ the other classmates.
23．We got up early and __caught__ early train back.
advice n．劝告；建议
【满分点拨】
advice的用法
(1)advice“劝告；建议”，是不可数名词，无复数形式，也不能直接与不定冠词连用。
(2)表达数量时要借助于piece，
a piece of advice“一条建议”；
two pieces of advice“两条建议”。
【归纳拓展】
ask sb.for advice向某人征求意见
give sb.advice on sth.就某事向某人提建议
take one's advice听取某人的建议
advise动词，意为“建议”，常用于advise sb.to do sth.
【考点抢测】
24．你能给我一些建议吗？
Can you give me __some__ __advice__ please?
25．我要给你提一条建议。
I'll give you __a__ __piece__ __of__ __advice__．
( B )26.(2016河北中考)Your________is very helpful.I guess I'll take it.
A．secret B．advice C．promise
( A )27.(2016苏州中考)Our teacher often advises me________the habit of making notes while reading.
A．to develop B．develop C．developing
unless conj.除非；如果不
【满分点拨】
(1)unless连词，意为“除非；如果不”；引导条件状语从句，表达否定意义。
(2)主句用一般将来时，unless引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时。
【温馨提示】
unless可与if引导的否定的条件状语从句进行同义句转换。如：
We'll go hiking unless it rains tomorrow.＝We'll go hiking if it doesn't rain tomorrow.如果明天不下雨，我们将去远足。
【考点抢测】
28．如果我们不与人交谈，我们必定会感觉更糟。
__Unless__ we talk to someone，we'll certainly feel worse.
29．I won't go to the party unless Tom __invites__(invite) me.
( B )30.(2016青海中考)You will succeed finally________you give up halfway.
A．if B．unless C．even though
Do you know how__to__plant__a__tree？你知道怎样植树吗？
【满分点拨】
“疑问词＋不定式”是由疑问代词who，whom，what，which；疑问副词when，how，where等加不定式构成，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等成分。
【归纳拓展】
(1)“疑问词＋不定式”结构相当于一个名词性从句，常常可用同等成分的从句代替。改写时只需在疑问词后加一适当主语，并将不定式改成适当形式的谓语。
(2)“疑问词＋不定式”结构经常放在tell，show，teach，learn，know，wonder，discuss，remember，forget，find out等动词(词组)之后作宾语。如：
The young woman doesn't know what to do.
这位年轻女士不知道做什么。
【考点抢测】
( B )31.(2016成都中考)—I'll have a tenday holiday.But I don't know________．
—How about Paris?
A．what to do
B．where to go
C．when to go
If we ask people to bring food，they'll just bring potato chips and chocolate because they'll be too lazy to cook.如果我们让大家带食物的话，他们将只会带薯条和巧克力，因为他们太懒而不想做饭。
【满分点拨】
(1)“too＋adj./adv.＋to do sth.”句型，意为“太……而不能……”。
(2)“too＋adj./adv.＋to do sth.”句型中，动词不定式常加不定式的逻辑主语for sb.。如：
This English book is too difficult for me to read.这本英语书太难了，我读不懂。
(3)“too＋adj./adv.＋to do sth.”句型，可与not…enough to do句型转换；亦可与so/such…that…句型转换，此时that从句用否定结构。如：
He is too young to do the work.
＝He is not old enough to do the work.
＝He is so young that he cannot do the work.
【考点抢测】
( B )32.(2016怀化二中模拟)—I haven't seen my grandparents for long.I'm too busy ________ them these days.
—Why not call them instead?
A．visit B．to visit C．visiting
( C )33.Lucy isn't__old__enough__to carry box.
A．is so young that she can
B．isn't young enough to
C．is too young to
,中考热点素材拓展
网络流行新词汇(2016永州中考)
As the Internet is developing fast，more and more new words and phrases have been created in Chinese.Here are some examples.
One of the most popular words is Dianzan，which is often used when you quite agree with someone，Another example is Renxing.When you say somebody is Renxing，you mean that they will do whatever they like.The phrase Miaosha first came from online shopping，which means you can complete your shopping orders before others.But now it's widely used when you achieve your purpose in a very short time.If you describe somebody as a Tuhao，you mean that he is very rich.
You can find lots of such new Chinese words.Keep learning and you'll know more about Chinese culture.
( C )1.When you quite agree with someone，you may say________．
A．Renxing B．Miaosha C．Dianzan
( B )2.What does Renxing mean in English?
A．Someone can complete his/her shopping orders before others.
B．Someone will do whatever he/she likes.
C．He/She is very rich.
( B )3.How many kinds of Internet language are mentioned in the passage?
A．Three B．Four C．Five
( A )4.What does the underlined word“purpose”mean in Chinese?
A．目标 B．讨论 C．成功
( B )5.Which of the following is Right according to the passage?
A．Now，fewer and fewer words and phrases have been created in Chinese.
B．Miaosha has been created two meanings in Chinese.
C．You can find lots of new Chinese words without learning.